“Mi hijito, you need to eat some protein to balance out your blood sugar.” Words that I recall hearing often from my abuela. Phrases that I often associated with eating something good. Something sweet. My abuela passed from renal failure, after multiple years on dialysis. My mother is diabetic. I am “insulin resistant” with a strong maternal history of… you guessed it. I remember hearing about blood sugar at such a young age that it was normal to me. Awareness was intentionally introduced to me, I can only assume because of a long existing tendency in my ancestors. How aware were they that we were different from others?
November is Diabetes Awareness Month, while November 14 is World Diabetes Day. My awareness about diabetes has grown with age. I’ve engaged in multiple conversations with my clinician about strategies for living well and managing my risk. I feel lucky to have started with this information about myself. Diabetes feels visible now, common enough that most people think they know what it is. But do we? Or are we repeating shorthand and assumptions?
This month, I wanted to explore what diabetes actually is, a bit of the history behind treatment, and how New Mexico - yes, New Mexico - helped push the field forward. Spoiler: an insulin pump milestone happened here.
Diabetes, in plain language (and without blame)
Diabetes isn’t one thing. Type 1 is an autoimmune condition that stops the pancreas from making insulin. Type 2 involves insulin resistance and, over time, decreased insulin production. Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy. Genetics, environment, and social conditions (like access to healthy food, safe places to move, and stress) all shape risk. Two myths to retire:
- “Sugar causes diabetes.” Excess sugar can drive glucose spikes, but Type 2 is driven by a complex mix of genetics, insulin resistance, and environment.
- “Only older adults get diabetes.” Type 1 can occur at any age, and Type 2 is increasingly seen in youth.
Naming this clearly matters. Stigma gets in the way of screening, treatment, and support. People don’t “fail” their way into diabetes; our systems often fail to support people living with or at risk for it.
A very short history of a big breakthrough
In 1921–22, Frederick Banting and colleagues isolated insulin, transforming diabetes from a fatal diagnosis into a condition people could live with. That’s why World Diabetes Day falls on November 14: Banting’s birthday. Since then, we’ve seen waves of advances: glucose meters, the A1c test, insulin analogs, and insulin delivery tech that keeps getting smarter.
New Mexico’s imprint: the insulin pump story
Here’s the part many New Mexicans don’t know. In March 1981, researchers at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine publicly demonstrated an implantable insulin pump in a patient, a remarkable proof-of-concept moment in diabetes technology. The UPI report named UNM’s Dr. R. Philip Eaton among the leaders of the effort. Today, HSLIC’s digital exhibit “The Story of the New Mexico Insulin Pump” preserves that history and the people behind it.
For national context: in the 1970s, Dean Kamen developed the AutoSyringe - one of the first portable ambulatory infusion pumps - helping pioneer wearable drug delivery (including for insulin). That broader innovation arc set the stage for what many people now know as “insulin pumps,” leading eventually to today’s hybrid closed-loop systems. New Mexico’s 1981 implantable-pump milestone sits inside that bigger, ongoing story of engineering and care.
If you want to see more, HSLIC’s Traveling Exhibits project has a pop-up display on the New Mexico Insulin Pump, connecting local history with lived experience. It’s a great conversation starter for classrooms and community events.
Why awareness still matters (especially here)
Diabetes is common in New Mexico and touches nearly every family we know. The ADA’s 2025 state brief estimates about 15,000 New Mexico adults are diagnosed each year, with serious complications that include heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss. State surveillance shows diagnosed prevalence hovering in the low double digits over the past decade. These aren’t just numbers. They represent our neighbors, colleagues, and loved ones.
And equity matters. Nationally, American Indian/Alaska Native adults have the highest prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, with Hispanic/Latino and Black adults also experiencing higher rates than white adults. That pattern reflects the deep impact of colonization, structural racism, food and housing insecurity, stress, and unequal access to preventive and specialty care - not individual failings. Our work in libraries, clinics, and communities is to close those gaps.
Living well with risk or diagnosis: what helps
If you grew up like I did, you’ve probably heard some version of “add protein” or “go for a walk after dinner.” Those simple moves still matter, and so do systems that make them possible.
At the individual level:
- Find movement you actually enjoy (not punishment). Short bouts after meals can help with post-meal glucose.
- Build meals around fiber and protein to blunt spikes; add culturally meaningful foods without moralizing.
- Prioritize sleep and stress management; both affect insulin sensitivity.
- Use the tools: home glucose checks when indicated, A1c monitoring, annual eye and kidney screenings, and medications (including GLP-1s/insulin) when clinically appropriate.
At the community/system level:
- Access is everything: affordable meds and supplies, time and space at work to check glucose and take meds, refrigeration for insulin, and coverage for diabetes education.
- Culturally relevant programs, offered in the languages people speak at home, make a difference.
- Rural care can’t be an afterthought. Project ECHO, born at UNM, trains and supports clinicians in rural and underserved settings so people can get high-quality diabetes care close to home - and recent studies show it works.
If you’re looking for local programs or data, the New Mexico Department of Health’s Diabetes Prevention and Control Program is a solid starting point for classes, prevention, and management resources.
World Diabetes Day 2025: what you can do this month
This year’s World Diabetes Day theme highlights diabetes and well-being, with a specific focus on diabetes in the workplace. WHO is also lifting up a life-course approach, meeting people’s needs from childhood through older age. That combination might sound abstract, but it points to practical steps employers and institutions can take right now. World Diabetes Day+2International Diabetes Federation+2
Three tangible actions for November (and beyond):
- Know your numbers. If you’re due for screening, schedule an A1c or fasting glucose. If you live with diabetes, check your supply needs and book overdue eye or kidney tests.
- Ask for work supports. Refrigeration for insulin, time and a private space for glucose checks, flexibility for medical appointments - these are basic accessibility measures that protect safety and productivity.
- Share local resources. Point colleagues and students to NMDOH programs, Project ECHO’s educational offerings, and HSLIC librarians who can help locate trustworthy information and classes.
Full circle
When I think back to my abuela’s advice, I hear the love and the science in it. Balance the plate. Learn your rhythms. Ask questions. And crucially, make sure the systems around you make it possible to live well. New Mexico’s role in the insulin-pump story reminds me that innovation can come from anywhere, including right here at home. Our responsibility now is to turn awareness into access, and access into thriving - across our families, our workplaces, and every corner of the state.